3º ESO SOCIAL SCIENCE

UNITED NATIONS MAIN BODIES

The International Court of Justice

The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations (UN). It was established in June 1945 by the Charter of the United Nations.

The seat of the Court is at the Peace Palace in The Hague (Netherlands).

Purpose:  

The Court’s role is to settle, in accordance with international law, legal disputes submitted to it by States and to give advisory opinions on legal questions referred to it by authorized United Nations organs and specialized agencies.

Membership:

The Court is composed of 15 judges, who are elected for terms of office of nine years by the United Nations General Assembly and the Security Council. It is assisted by a Registry, its administrative organ. Its official languages are English and French.

Secretariat (1) and Secretary-General (2)

1 Secretariat

Purpose and membership:

Tens of thousands of international UN staff members are recruited internationally and locally, and work in duty stations and on peacekeeping missions all around the world. 

2 Secretary-General

Purpose:

The Secretary-General is a symbol of United Nations ideals and a spokesman for the interests of the world's peoples, in particular the poor and vulnerable among them. 

Memebership:

The Secretariat comprises the Secretary-General :The Secretary-General is chief administrative officer of the Organization, appointed by the General Assembly on the recommendation of the Security Council for a five-year, renewable term.

The current Secretary-General, and the ninth occupant of the post, is Mr. António Guterres of Portugal, who took office on 1 January 2017.

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UNIT 5 PRIMARY SECTOR

AGRARIAN LANDSCAPE MODELS

1. Bocage: traditional agrarian landscape in the atlantic and mountainous areas of Europe. Characterised by small, irregular and enclosed  plots, (dedicated to polyculture and pastures for livestock) and dispersed settlement.

2. Openfied: typical agrarian landscape of continental climate in Europe. Medium or large, regular and open plots characterise this type of landscape, traditionally  dedicated to the cultivation  in dryland of cereals or vines in certain areas .This inland landscpae features concentrated settlement.

3. Mediterranean landscape: Intensive agriculture of vegetables and fruit trees (paisaje de huerta), made up of small plots with polyculture and irrigation. This landscape features interspersed settlement.
 Recently, modern techniques to increase production have introduced the greenhouse or  under plastic crops, modifying significantly the landscape.

UNIT 6 SECONDARY SECTOR

7.2 Contemporary industrial landscapes

Traditional  industrial landscapes underwent a crisis in 1970s, because these industries had become outdated. 

Today some of the older industries have closed and left behind a landscape of industrial ruins. 

Former blast furnace in Sestao (Basque Country)

Others have been restored to provide a testimony of their past and have been reconverted to new uses.

Former "Matadero de Madrid" renovated and  reconverted for  cultural uses.

Other traditional industries have left urban centers and relocated  to traditional industrial estates or to industrial parks that combine industry with office buildings.

Industrial estate of  Aranda de Duero in Burgos, settled along the Nacional I, one of the main axis of transport and communications that connects Madrid with the northern coast. 

Innovative and high tech industries have become established in science parks or high-tech hubs often located in the most economically flourishing cities. 

Parque tecnológico Actiu (Alicante). Below, Parque tecnológico de Zamudio in the Basque Country. 

Technology parks bring together innovative industries, good enviromental conditions,avant-garde design buildings, and  advanced infrastructure.  

Technology park in Madrid